Uniform-movement device.



A. SUNDH.

UNIFORM MOVEMENT DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED 00122, 1907.

paratusj made ahcording to my invention and rnrnnr citric AUGUSTSUNDH,OF YONKERS, 'NEW YC15;K, ASSIGN OR T OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, 015

JERSEY GITY, NEW. JERSEY, A CQRPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

UNIEDBMeMQVEMENT DEVICE.

Specification bi Letters Patent.

Patented time drain,

Application filed October 2,1907. Serial 110.395,!525.

To all whom it myrmiccmr p Beit known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a

citizen of the United States, residing in Yonkers, in the county ofWestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Uniform-Movement Devices, of which the following 'isfaSpecification.

1 My invention relates. to electromagnetic apparatus, and has for anobject the provision of means whereby the load upon an i. electromagnetis varied in proportion to the pull of said magnet.

A furthe objectis to provide means whereby a smaller magnet may beused'to perform a given duty, than with the usual construction. a

'design, but usually such magnet has to a minimum current consumption.

overcome the static friction of its load when in its-most ineflicient'or weakest position.

For these and other reasons such magnet must be made sufficientlypowerful to do itsgreatest dutywhen in its most inefiicient position.Furthermore, such a magnet must necessarily be of relatively large sizeand consume much current.

In order to economize in electric current as much as possible it iscustomary to reduce the current flowing in said magnet after the samehas done its work by insorting a resistance element 1n series with themagnet windlng.

By utilizing a system of leverage I am enabled to employ a magnet ofrelatively small size and having Referring to the accompanying drawingFigure 1' is a piiagrammatic representation in side ele atio'n of anvelectromagnetic ap applied to' an electrically actuated motor-.starting rheost'at or resistance varying de-.

vice; Fig 2 shows a-modifi cation of my invention, applied in this caseto lift a weight, and Fig: 3 is a furtherrinodificaticn of my inventionapplied to an electrically actuated brake.

Like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all of thefigures.

, ltteferringto Fig. 1, .10 designates an electromagnet which comprisesa frame 11 with a pole. piece 12,1and a winding or solenoid 13, whichwhen energized will lift a core or armature 14. This core '14s isconnected by a rod to a rack 16' guided in its movement by ananti-friction roller 21- and meshing with a segmental'gear 17 which ispivoted at 18. f Archer 19 is carried upon the gear 1'4" and is normallyin vertical alinement with the pivot 18 and is arranged to travel in aslot 20 provided in the vertical bar or rod 23. This bar is suitablyguided by rollers'21 and carries at-its lower end insulated therefrom asliding contact 24 which is arranged to slide over and electricallyengage acon'tact strip 25 and a series of contacts 26.

27 is a sectional resistance normally in series with the armature of anelectric mo- 'torv28; While 29 represents the shunt field windings, and30 designates a manually operated circuit closing switch connected tothe. current supply mains. J .Before describing the constructionillustratedin the other figures, I will point out the operation of theapparatus above described.

Upon closing the main line switch 30 a circuit is closed through theresistance 27 and the armature 28 of the motor and also to theshuntfield winding 29. Themotor will now start, its current beinglimited by the starting resistance 27. The switch 30 also closes acircuit through the winding 13 of the magnet 10 and the same isenergized to lift the core ld and its connected rack 16. i

As the rack '16 moves upwardly the segmental gear-17 is turned about itspivot 18 causing the roller 19 to move in a right hand direction in theslot 20 and at thesame time moving-the arm 23 upwardly guidedby therollers 21. As the arm moves upwardly tal gear 17. As the core 14 andrack 16 move upwardly however, a portion of the weight of the gear 17 isgradually trans ferred from the pivot 18- to the rack 16 while at thesame time a portion of the wei ht of the bar 23 is also graduallytransrerred from the pivot 18 to the rack 16 as the roller 19 carriesthe bar 23 upwardly.

Where a magnetic circuit includes an air gap the electrical energynecessary to force the required magnetic lines through suchcircuit isgreatly in excess of the energy required to force the same number oflines through the same magnetic circuit in which there is little or noair gap. Now, since the electrical energy supplied to the magnet 10depends upon the resistance of its winding and the pressure of theelectrical supply mains, and these two elements are constant, it followsthat the number of available magnetic lines produced in the magneticcircuit of the magnet 10 depends upon the air gap between the pole piece12 and the core 14. As the core moves upwardly this air gap is lessenedand the number of available magnetic lines increases and continues toincrease until the core 14 finally reaches the pole piece 12 at whichtime the circuit contains a maximum amount of lines and the upward pullupon the core 14 is greatest.

While the magnetic pull on the core is not inversely proportional to thelength of air gap in every type of magnet, in the magnet illustrated inFigs. 1 and 2, the pull on the core is substantially in inverseproportion to the length of air gap for all positions within the limitof practical working.

From the foregoing itis seen that the farther the core 14 moves into thesolenoid winding 11 the greater its upward pull becomes, while the loadupon the magnet core is at first a minimum and gradually increases to amaximum as the core is drawn upwardly, and the various parts are sodesigned that the relation between the load and the magnetic pull uponthe magnet core is substantially constant.- By this arrangement of ,;parts I am enabled to use much smaller'magnet than is generally used toperform thesa 'ne duty, and the electrical energy consumed by saidmagnet is reduced to a unmmum, making it unnecessary to em- :dOBV anyresistance element to cut down the current flow after the magnet hasdone it work.

In Fig. 2 the rack 16 connected to the magnet armature 14 meshes with agear 17 carried upon a shaft 22 free to turn in bearings S2. Arelatively large gear 31 is also carried upon this same shaft and mesheswith a smaller ear 33 which is rigidly'connected to a sha t'38 turningin the bearings 35. A spirally grooved hoisting drum 34 frusto-conicalin shape or of constantly increasing diameter, is firmly fixed upon thisshaft 38 and is driven by the magnet core 14 through the train ofmultiplying gearing just pointed out. A cord or other flexible means 36is fastened to the drum 34 at its smallest diameter and has connected toit a weight 87. Since the weight 37 is connected to the drum 34 at itssmallest diameter when in the position shown, corresponding to thedeenergized position of the magnet 1.0. the effort required to turn thedrum and thereby lift the weight 37 is relatively small. As soon,however, as themagnet 1O iser'tergized and the core 14 is drawn upwardlywith con stantly increasing power, the drum 3 is rotated through thetrain of multiplyinc/ gearing so as to wind up the cord 37 am as thecord is wound up the same travels lengthwise of the drum or from aminirrzum diameter to a maximum diameter. The eifort or torque necessaryto rotate the drum 34 and its connected load here represented by theweight 37 is proportionaltothe va ry- 'ing diameter of the-drum fordili'erent positions of the cord thereon, neglecting friction losses,and the taper of this drum is so proportioned that the varying torque orturn ing eflbrt required to lift the weight for difterentpositions ofthe cord on the drum is proportional to the varying pull of the mag net10 upon its core.

Fig. 3 illustrates the application of my invention to amagnetic brakeapparatus, in which 10 is the operating magnet, 13' the magnet coil, and14 a movable armature. This armature is connected by a rod 15 to asegmental gear 40 pivoted at 39 and meshing with a small gear 41 pivotedat 43. The gear 41 is connected to a lever arm 42 which in turn isconnected to a rod 44, upon which is secured a weight 45. The rod 44 'isconnected at 46, to a brake lever 47 to which is fastened in awell-known way brake bands 48 and 49 adapted to manually engage a.friction pulley 50. These brake bands are caused to grip the frictionpulley 50 by the weight 45 hearing down upon the lever 47, and the sameare released by means of the magnet 10 acting through the armature 14intermediate mechanical connections. I soon as the magnet 10 isenergized to more the armature to the left, the gear 40 rotates the gear41 and lever 42 in a clockwise direction. The weight 45 is thereby Iarmature, and means -for connecting the ture.

lifted and the brake bands'released from en-' gagement with the brakepulley.. 50 and the and thiseiiort isat; aminimum whenin the positionshown and constantly increases as the lever is moved in a directionto''i'eiease'i th'blilkdfbflIidS. The pull upon the magnet armature 14" isalso at a minimum when in the position shown and this pull .increases'asthe same; approaches the magnet pol'ejjpi'eces. Thus it is seen that byproperly proportioning the various parts, the load or power required tooperate the brake apparatus may be substantially proportional to thepull of the armature l4,

I have shown that this invention is applicable to'several forms ofapparatus, but it is by no meansjlirhited' to those herein described:The weight designated by 37 in Fig. 2 represents a load of any kind andthe cord 36 Tcould just as well be connected to any desirablemechanismwherein mechani-c cal worlt is to be accomplished. The same is true asto the construction shown in the other fi'gures. The particularapparatus shown is for purposesof illustration merely, as my inventionis ca able of wide and .'various embodiments which will readily suggestthemselves to those. skilled in the art. Therefore it should beunderstood that I do not wish to be limited to the precise constructionand arrangement of parts as shown since many and various changes couldbe made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invent-ion.

What I claim is 2. The combination with a 'magnet and its armature, ofmechanism operated by said armature and said mechanism with a leveragevarying with the position of the armature andsubst-ant-ially inproportion to the variation in themagnetic p'ull' on-the arma- -3. Thecombination with a magnet and its armature, of mechanism to. be operatedthereby, and connections between said mechanism and armature.,for.increasing.the relative speed of said mechanism as the armatureapproaches its magnet, said relative increase 1n speed beingsubstantially in the same ratio as the increase in the magnetic pull onthe armature.

-4. The combination with a magnet and 1. The combination with a magnetand its armature, of a load device, and mechanical armature attracted bythe magnet with a force varying with the position of the armature,of'affloadj device, and connectio i's between the; armature andlo'ad"devi' -1% ;for* producing a substantially constant pull on 5 saiddevice; 5

- 5'. Thecombination with a magnet and an armature; movable toward them'ag'netunder a constantly increasing pul1, of a load de-.

vice and connections between thearmatu're I and 'load device for, so"moving said device that 'it-s'flspeed relative to that of-themrm'a-fture is substantially proportional to the pull" on the armature.

6. The combination with a magnet'and its armature, said magnet beingconstructed to exert a pull onthe armature varying with its position, ofa load device, and mechanical means for converting the varyingmagneticpull to a-substantially constant pull on the load device.

7. The combination with a magnet and an armature movable .tow'ard themagnet under a, constantly varying magnetic pull,

of mechanism "operated by said armature,

and connections between vthe armatureand said'mecha-nism having aleverage varying with the posit-ion 'of the armature and inprtlilportion to the variation of the magnetic 8. The eo mbination witha magnet and its armaturef'of a load device and means between'thearmature and said device torso moving the-Iattr'that itsspeed relativeto that of the armature is-substantially proportional to the increasedpull exerted by. the magnet on its armature. I

. 9. The combination with an electromagnetic coil and a core movableinto thecoil, under a constantly increasing magnetic pull, of a-loaddevice and connectionsv between the core and load device for convertingthe variable piill on the core into a substantially constant pull on theload device.

10. The combination with'an electromagnet andzits armature, of a pivotedmember connected to the armature for angular movement a second memberhaving a sliding connection with the pivoted member, and means guidingthe said second member and confining it to linear movement.

' 11. The combination with an electromagnet and its armature, of apivoted member connected. to the armature for movementthroughanangle-proportional to the move.- mentof the armature, a second memberconnected to the pivoted member for linear movement substantiallyproportional to the versed sine of the angle through which the pivotedmember moves '12. The combination with an electromagnet and itsarmature, of a rack-bar carried by the armature, a pivoted member havinggear teeth meshing with the rack bar, a load carrying device, means forguiding said &

load an'di ltd 11.

straight .hn' movement, aind-v aislo'tand pin opnnecfiicnibetwen thesaid pivoted mem er andjtheiloadbarrying. device,

1, netic' coil; "lfri ean s fqi- 'supplying thfcoil with H ie -bqre', aqtj m hing. with the had W l mb r P f? F h thera k,-

ipgisguid slot', and meaiis for'; sand 1 member in' its lineal-movement.

.. In testimony wher'eofi Irham name to this specification in thepresence of; two subscribing witnesses.. I AUGUSTSUNDH. WiipeSes-L -f,CP'LAS. M. NIs'BEN,

DAVI LABB N.

